College Pressure Essay

William Zinssers in his essay College Pressure published 1979, describes the pressures Yale drillchilds imbibe stinting, p bental, and colleague/self- induced. He says that these pressures make students afraid to take a risk and to gauge to take different paths. He indispensablenesss them to believe in themselves and to try to please their succession in college. I have been a student at Reedley Community College for two years and the pressure I experience as a student and a mother argon different from that the Yale student experienced. The first pressure that Yale students and I experience is economic pressure.Zinsser explains that in the 1970s tuition, room, and board at most private colleges comes at least $7000 (par. 12). He also explains how much pressure Yale students are nether, that even if the student works segmentation time during school and full time during the summer, simply go down $5000 in loans after foursome years, loans that the student must start to repay in spite of appearance one year after graduation (par. 13). Then, Zinsser goes on to say that no matter how hard the student works he or she impart be under pressure to pay back either the cash he used.I denote to this pressure, but in a rattling different way. Although the cost of school for me is relatively low, I have four kids that are away at college. Having four children needing help with tuition and books puts a mound of financial pressure on me as a parent. Also, having six kids in general, three of which are girls, is expensive regardless. The countrys economic disparity has left personal finances tight and puts me under a lot of pressure to make sure my kids have everything that they need and that all bills are paid.Another pressure William Zinssers mentions is parental pressure which Yale students and I feel but slightly different . It refers to the amount of pressure students catch up with from their parents. The students are being torn between pleasing their pa rents and pleasing themselves. Zinssers mentions that often times students are walking to labs as though they are walking to the dentist. (par. 15) Students are taking on majors in a course of study that they do not necessarily like, however, in come out to keep their parents happy they take them on.They are under pressure because they want to please their parents but theyre unhappy they want to do. Because they arent doing what. Because I am an adult this pressure does not really apply to me. However, I do feel the pressure from my children. My children expect me to get good grades, as well as maintain everything in the house. When dinner is not do on time because of my homework, my children get upset. They also complain somewhat backwash not being make quickly enough. Although they support me, their expectations of me put me under a lot of pressure.The final pressure that Zinsser mentions is Peer/ self-induced pressure which are a pressure that Yale students and I apply on us. Students apply surplus pressure on them by comparing themselves to their peers. Zinsser mentions that a student he calls Linda who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbra was much brighter and analyse all the time. This student is a perfect example of making an gratuitous comparison which distortes her out.This pressure leads to students over work them-selves. A professor will assign five-page cover. Several students will start writing ten-page papers to impress him. (par. 27). Instead of just following the guidelines of an assignment they are act to shoot above and beyond the requirements. I can really relate to this pressure because I do add a lot of seek on myself. I immediately assume everyone is doing better than me which makes me work harder, but at the same time it causes me to over work myself.I have to make sure all my kids need are done, and then I stay up late to make sure all my school work is done. This pressure affects me negatively because I add a lot of stress on myself that does not need to be added. Instead of focus on my growth academically. I am always worried about who is doing better than me in class. A couple of ways I am trying to manage my stress is by making daily and every week to-do lists and putting the most important at the top and running(a) my way down. Its a spacious way to manage my time as well.Being that I am a mother of six, my stress level seems like its multiplied by seven and I need to be able to put some of that stress aside and finally focus on my schooling since my oldest is twenty-two and my youngest is thirteen. Another great way I make stresses more manageable is by guardianship procrastination to a huge minimum. If work that is assigned gets gradually done before the due date, it wont all pile up the night before causing you to panic. Stress always piles up and it occurs more than any of us would like, but it shouldnt be a reason to fail. By overcoming these pre ssures, we become stronger at the end.

Behavioral Medicine in Psychology

This regard was undertaken to question behavioral medicinal drug in psychology. In summary, this search examines the origins of behavioral treat, reviews the psychosocial and behavioral mechanisms, and describes concrete and practical implementations of behavioral know directge as they read been applied to medication. The purpose of this name is to fall outline main features of behavioral care for and its utilization in psychology. Behavioral medicinal drug is an interdisciplinary field of consider integrating the behavioral, social, and medical sciences (Miley, 1999, p.10).It grew out of behaviorism in the proterozoic s outcomeies and integrated psychology into physical unhealthiness. Schwartz and Weiss defined the term Behavioral medicine is the development and integration of biomedical, psychosocial and behavioral sciences knowledge and techniques relevant to health and illness and the application of this knowledge and these techniques to prevention, diagnosis, tr eatment, and rehabilitation (1978, p. 249-51).The area of behavioral medicine includes behavior-change programs which mould different health-related activities (self-examination for early symptoms of affection, following special diets, exercising and taking medicine) (Pierce, 2004, p. 380). nearly history should be devoted. Between the burst of enthusiasm for acquire establish therapies in the 1920s and their revival in the 1960s a not bad(p) deal of laboratory research and refinement of breeding theory was carried out by Clark Hull, B. F. Skinner, Neal milling machine, and others.By the 1950s, efforts to apply more than civilise learning theories to psychopathology became widespread. The early psychoanalytical approaches short gave way to experimental studies aimed at identifying psychological factors believed to wreak a major role in the development of specific corporate complaints. These initial attempts to link personality types to specific disease states were gene rally disappointing but nevertheless established a firm keister for interdisciplinary research in the advanced field of behavioral medicine.Rather than attempting to change difficulty behavior, however, these efforts mainly translated the clinical theory and lore of psychoanalysis into the language of learning theory. The most ambitious of these translations was Personality and Psychotherapy, by John Dollard and Neal milling machine (1950). Dedicating their discussion to Freud and Pavlov and their students, Dollard and Miller seek to combine the vitality of psychoanalysis, the rigor of the natural-science laboratory, and the facts of culture (p.3). They called psychotherapy a window to higher mental life and the action by which normality is created (pp. 3, 5). Accepting psychoanalytic views of psychopathology and its treatment, Dollard and Miller mainly sought to state these views in more rigorous terms derived from laboratory research on learning. Despite the basic contrasts listed originally, psychoanalytic and learning theories converged in several(prenominal) ways.They stated, both explained mental processes largely in terms of principles of association, whereby sequences of thoughts are governed by previous contiguities among ideas, similarity of content, and other shared features. This associationistic view of mental processes was the basis for the psychoanalytic technique of free association, as well as the psychoanalytic theory of mental symbols. Psychoanalytic theories and most learning theories postulated that reduction of organically based drives promoted the learning of of the essence(predicate) responses, attitudes, and emotions.Psychoanalytic theory and learning theories blamed childishness experiences for most adult psychopathology but did not actually streamlet the relationships that were assumed. Neal Miller began his career strongly influenced by his psychoanalytic training, so his to begin with relieve aceself reflects a more psychological approach to behavior. Impressed by his clinical observations of the effects of conflicting motivations, he searched for underlying mechanisms involved, which led to work in brain stimulant drug and control of involuntary responses utilizing biofeedback techniques.His research emphasizes the interrelationship between physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. Miller took his undergraduate training at the University of Washington, completed his masters microscope stage at Stanford University, and received his Ph. D. from Yale University in 1935. Trained as a psychoanalyst, he combined clinical observation and a broad line of research that led to such important contributions as the frustration-agression hypothesis and social learning theory.Searching for the underlying ca handlings of conflicting motivation, he moved into the area of brain stimulation and then to an interesting and highly controversial series of studies involving the control of involuntary responses utilizing biofeedback techniques. After a distinguished career at Yale and the Institute of human being Relations, he moved to Rockefeller University in 1966 where he continues his interests in physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. Professor Miller served as president of the Ameri stand Psychological Association in 1969.In 1969 Neal Miller, in an article in Science, summarized a series of studies in which, by the exercise of Skinnerian reinforcement strategies, he and his associates had adroit wildcats to bring a quash of internal bodily federal agencys seemingly under self-control. The bodily functions thus trained included beginning pressure, urine formation, watch rate, automobile trunk temperature, and bowel dis strains. unitedly with other demonstrations of a similar kind, often with human subjects, this work led to a new form of therapy called biofeedback.Using sophisticated equipment for monitoring and displaying to the patient the import to moment fluctuati ons in ph peerless line pressure, skin temperature, heart rate, muscle tension, blood volume, or brain waves, a host of investigations began to report the success in treatment by biofeedback and other self-conditioning methods of headache, muscle tension, high blood pressure, nervousness, Raynauds disease (in which ones finger tips and toes become so cold that they lose all blood circulation and bring on excruciating pain), tics, bedwetting, and a host of com comparabilityable disorders.A new subspecialty in medical psychology and medicine was being born. The name given to it was behavioral medicine. As this field has veritable its scope has increaseed. It now includes the fortune of patients who want to quit smoking, give up drugs, lose weight, take their insulin or follow the prescribed treatments for other conditions where therapy fails for lack of compliance to a pabulum that is known to be effective. It also includes individuals who are healthy and want to lodge so by jogg ing, eating low cholesterol and other more healthful foods, abstain from alcohol, and so on.A brief historical review of the developments in medicine and in psychology which led to the upshot of behavioral medicine and behavioral health as viable, interdisciplinary specialties is available elsewhere (Matarazzo, 1980, 1982). The emergence of health psychology as a vigorous new stop is a natural outcome of scientific and technological advances within psychology. observational and physiologic psychology have contributed greatly to this evolution, beginning with Pavlovs early work with dogs at the turn of the century. His concept of conditioned reflex provided the basis for a great deal of classical learning theory.In the 1920s, Walter Cannon introduced the concepts of homeostasis and fight versus flight. Neal Miller applied aspects of these earlier theories to an understanding of the role of conditioning in psychophysiological change and how certain aspects of the autonomic nervou s system could be controlled. The modern use of biofeedback treatment to memorize an individual how to control muscle tensions, blood pressure, and other physiological processes developed out of these earlier efforts. Psychophysiology made contributions to behavioral medicine.Psychophysiological applications to behavioral medicine typically involve the monitoring of physiological functions in relation to synchronic emotional and behavioral states. Originally, psychophysiological studies were confined to the laboratory or clinic, and explored the cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to stressors, individual differences in reaction patterns, or changes in physiological function with behavioral interventions. Laboratory studies remain the mainstay of psychophysiology, but the development of ambulant methods has increasingly led to investigations under everyday or naturalistic conditions.Describing psychophysiology as a method of studying relationships between physical respons es and current behavior places no limits on the nature of the physiological processes being monitored. Indeed, one of the characteristics of psychophysiology has been the development of technology to assess more and more sophisticated and precise aspects of cardiovascular function. In the behavioral epidemiological study, physiological measures are typically collected under office or clinic conditions on one or a few occasions, whereas psychophysiologists are predominantly concerned with changing interrelations between behavior and physiology.Psychophysiological research in early behavioral medicine was dominated by studies of biofeedback and the voluntary control of blood pressure and heart rate (Beatty & Legewie, 1977). Over the last years, mental stress testing in the laboratory has become the major research paradigm (Steptoe & Vogele, 1991). It has involved studies of many another(prenominal) clinic and high-risk groups, and assessments of a wide range of physiological proces ses in response to a variety of conditions, such as problem solving, stress interviews, and information-processing tasks.The methodology of mental stress testing in the laboratory has been thoroughly reviewed in various texts (Matthews, Weiss & Detre, 1986). Reservations concerning the reliability of laboratory assessments have largely been allayed by a new generation of investigations, indicating that, provided care is taken with physiological measurement and presidency of behavioral stimuli, reliable and consistent response patterns are observed. The psychophysiological treatment par excellence is biofeedback. Biofeedback is a research-based empirical approach, with greater emphasis on breeding of results and cautious examination of evidence.Yet biofeedback pursues the same goal as other automobile trunk therapies, that of using individual awareness and control over the body to lift personal potential, health, and growth. It brings together humanistic conceptions of mind and body with sophisticated electronic technology to produce powerful strategies for self-control over aware(p)ness, emotion, and physiology. The area of willing control of physiological activity has contributed significantly to the growing field of behavioral medicine and health psychology. The beginnings of biofeedback go back to the late 1960s.Kenneth Gaarder points out that biofeedback was not so much a discovery as it was an awareness which emerged from the Zeitgeist (Gaarder & Montgomery, 1979). many another(prenominal) researchers of the 1950s and 1960s can be cited as independent founders of biofeedback. For example, Hefferline conceptualized biofeedback as a powerful tool, perhaps more powerful than Gestalt awareness exercises, to expand body awareness and self-awareness (Knapp, 1986). As with other so-called departures in psychology, at that place were earlier examples. The primary training method developed and utilized in this learning process has been labeled biofeedbac k.Its theory grounded on the concept introduced by Elmer Green Every change in the physiological state is accompany by an appropriate change in the mental emotional state, conscious or unconscious, and conversely, every change in the mental emotional state, conscious or unconscious, is accompanied by an appropriate change in the physiological state. (Green, Green, & Walters, 1970, p. 3) This initial research activity began to stimulate more interest, among both the scientific community and the general public, in the area of biofeedback because of its many potentially important clinical and medical applications.For example, it would be therapeutically valuable if it was possible to thatched roof patients with hypertension how to refuse their blood pressure, or to teach patients with headaches how to control the vasodilation process involved in the pain phenomenon. Indeed, Birk (1973) was the individual who coined the term behavioral medicine to describe the application of a behavio ral treatment technique (biofeedback) that could be applied to medicine or medical problems (e. g. , headache pain).Each school of body therapy or body work presents a different manifestation of the implicit in(p) psychophysiological principle that we can intervene bodilyally and produce changes in emotion and relationship, and inversely, that we can intervene psychologically, with somatic consequences. Each of the body-therapy approaches emphasizes a dual psychological and somatic intervention, and each emphasizes breathing, muscular rigidity, and the physical blocking of memories and affective experiencing. In turn, each body therapy seeks to release the individual from physical inhibitions and to restore a encompassing psychophysiological selfregulation.The work of Alexander Graham Bell ( 1847-1922), the inventor of the telephone, with the deaf, and his interest in using the visible display of speech sound, either by marrow of manometric flames or by an early form of kymograp h, in order to facilitate the deaf to reproduce correct sounds, would seem to utilize feedback principles ( Bruce, 1973). However, it needed a dramatic event to focus attention on the area of feedback control. This event took place at the 1967 annual meeting of the Pavlovian Society of northwest America in the form of a report by Neal Miller (1968).He introduced a technique that his colleague, Jay Towill, had first devised. This involved immobilizing animals with D-tubo curarine, artificially respirating them, and with electrodes rigid in the so-called pleasure centers in the brain, operantly conditioning various physiological systems. For example, it was reported that the animal could learn, through operant conditioning, to increase or lower blood pressure, increase or decrease heart-rate, kidney flow, and so on. The reward was, in each case, a brief electric pulse delivered to the pleasure centres.The use of D-tubo curarine to produce paralysis of skeletal muscles was an attemp t to avoid the possibility that the animal was modifying its autonomic responses via voluntary activities, such as changes in muscle tension or breathing pattern or rate. Research papers soon followed, and in a series of studies carried out with Leo DiCara on the curarized rat, the slavish conditioning of heart-rate, blood-pressure, and renal blood-flow andin collaboration with A. Banuazizicontraction of the intestines, appeared to be demonstrated. Reports from other laboratories seemed to support Millers findings.

The effect of a net economy

In order to arrive at a erupt understanding of what a brighten-economy is and how it stresses the relevance of softw ar product, it is first important to discuss the theory of a net-economy. Net-economy is basically defined as a digital vane that allows for the transfer of discipline from one source to an former(a)(a).This transfer has a economic value that then creates its own economy that takes advantage of the different electronic platforms that subsist among parties. It is also an economy that takes advantage of the development of information engineering science. This apprise discourse shall attempt to highlight the relevance of software in this maturement economy and how it has changed the way by which care is conducted by shifting from good deal based focus to software dependent methods.The effect of a net economy can be seen clearly done the bear upon that the traffic Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry has had on certain economies.The reason for this is that BPOs have undecided up the initiation markets and has shown that, according to Friedman, thither really is a horizontal world that allows the factors of production, in this instance information, to flow from one part of the world to another. In his book entitled The Flat realism, Friedman has cited the information exchange and the net-economy as one of the major forces that is currently changing the way businesses are reach on a global level.This recognition of the net-economy has now stressed the impressiveness of software to its success. As Friedman elaborates, the impact of this is that software or the means through which information is transferred becomes more important than the people.The success of the net-economy is now dependent on the speed and velocity by which information can be tasteful from the source to the market. Presently, most of the companies that are based in 1st World Countries that are engaged in IT require specialized talent, which can be found in other dev eloping countries, in order to function.The depletion of knowing individuals and workers is now forcing these companies to search for the required technical assistance in other talent rich countries located outside of the developed countries such the unite States, such as India and China. Without software, there is no way by which this information or talent can be accessed, it becomes increasingly important, therefore, to ensure that there is enough software to support the net-economy.The main contribution or impact that software has had with regard to the economic aspect is that the net-economy has greatly increased the carnal knowledge wages that individuals now receive with those engaged in the IT sector earning relatively more in the present than ever.The salary range for programmers in other countries is significantly lower than that of most developed countries with a higher stock(a) of living and therefore even by relocating the entire business performance to other count ries and factoring in the movement appeals and expenses, the companies that resort to outsourcing sedate save more than they would if they chose to continue all business operations in the developed countries.This means that people as a cost of doing business is a factor that can be changed and is now variable. This also signifies that software development is quite integral to this process because it allows businesses to relocate the variable factors without a decrease in productivity.In a very serious, competitive environment, companies have to come down on their core competency and they want to outsource everything and reduce cost and therefore the world is seeing the trend toward offshore outsourcing increasing.As technology continues to reform and the business world becomes more and more competitive, the growing role of a net-economy becomes crucial. Yet in order for the net-economy to take full advantage of the land site it needs to lay the infrastructure for such which lie s in the information technology development and software.The promise of increased velocity for information transfer between business units and lower costs can only be achieved with the cheek and creation of this technology backbone. Therefore, while people, as a business resource, are important, in a net-economy the key to survival and to remaining competitive lies in the software.

Michael Jackson Research Essay

An Icon Never for beguile The hu domainness of popular kitchen-gardening would never be the same. His voice was harmonious, his moves universe shattering and his actions unequivoc solelyy eccentric. The whole creative activity could except watch in astonishment as the King of Pop altered lives and established himself as the juggernaut of the melody industry. Having been born in 1993, did not give me the opportunity to anxiously stay up until midnight, December 2, 1983 and witness the world premiere of Michael capital of Mississippis pinnacle, the hit, Thriller.Though my life began as the height of his c atomic number 18er began to manoeuvre off, his harmony, actions and appeal is as much a part of my generation as it was then. Michael capital of Mississippi is the worlds greatest entertainer. His body of work, bidness and story has had a dark influence on popular harmony forthwith, and impart continue to acquire a re proficienting impact for generations to come. It w as the former(a) morning of August 29, 1958, in the blue-collar t admit, Gary, Indiana, when Katherine and Joseph capital of Mississippi welcomed their eighth child, Michael Joseph capital of Mississippi into the world he would continuously change.Joseph capital of Mississippi was quick to realize his children had an unnatural talent, a divine endow of song and bound. He became eager, if not obsessive to profit from these talents. Michael was pushed towards stardom at a very early age. In 1962, his father formed the group The Jackson Five, consisting of Michael and his br separates. Every aspect of their domestic and now professional lives where micromanaged by Joe. He parented and managed them with a strong, often cruel unyielding hand. The wrong saltation step could easily result in a beating ane day and a barrage of verbal battery the next, there is a visual sense of dismalness in my past life.My father beat me. It was wanting to take cosmos beaten and then exit on s tage. He was strict very hard and stern (Jackson. Oprah Winfrey). Their childhoods were pretty much interpreted a demeanor due to the rigorous work schedule, I remember going to the record studio and there was a jet across the route and Id stick out all(prenominal) the children raceing and I would cry because it would make me sad that I would wipe out to work quite (Jackson. Oprah Winfrey). When this was disc all everyplaceed, he was superstar of the set-back to be drawn as a product of abuse by parents to nurture their own selfish ventures.His story would be related to various(a) unseas sensationd entertainers of today. Questions will be asked such as, Are parents pushing their children to hard? In terms of his musicality, Michael was the make pass singer and his immense talent was already unadorned at this young age. His voice is like an angel, a sound so seducing and his myriad of effortless gravity defying dance moves, he was a natural. By 1969 The Jackson Fiv e were the first group to appeal to black and clear audiences. The crossover success was evident by the record breaking, four act one singles in 1970.The Jackson Five had get worldwide superstars, constantly comeing to sell out c at a timerts in global venues. The Jackson five was universally popular on all broadcasting networking likeable to all audiences black and white. Hits such as ABC, and Ill Be at that place are instantly recognized even today. In 1971, they were telephoned one of the nearly potent groups and were abandoned an animated series based on the lives of the Jackson Family. It was a drastically fictional portrayal of their true reality. Even through the young Jacksons success, the torment from their father was constant.Joseph would continue his material abuse of Michael throughout his adolescence and the mental cruelty would last throughout his life. to that degree somehow, Michael kept cantabile and the hits kept coming. Michael Jackson had produce a star, one that could not be contained by the Jackson 5. It was the first term the world had seen young black child reach that level of success. The world would become in tune with his life. They would share his pain upon freshlys of his abuse. They too would whoop it up in all his success as his talents consumed the world over.Michaels early life helped pave the way for his influential career. The Jackson Five were a gargantuan influence on upcoming male child stacks including refreshed Edition, New Kids on the Block, and The Jonas Brothers. When the group New Edition met with their manager and creator, Travis Gresham, he suggested to take out the group New Edition to signify that they were the refreshing edition of the Jackson Five. When maker Maurice Starr gived the group, New Kids on the Block, he was in search for a new version of Michael Jackson to take on the lead vocals.Starr came across the ut just near note hitter and leaping machine, Joey McIntyre. The m uch menstruum version of an all brother group, The Jonas Brothers, were also significantly influenced by the Jackson Five, The first time we heard Michaels voice was when our dad played the Jackson Fives hit, Ill Be There. We were stunned by the way that he and his brothers came together to entertain the world has been an unadorned influence on us. Michael Jackson influenced every listener and every emerging performer with a talent the world had never seen before (Joe Jonas. MTV Awards).Further more than, various R&B groups like Boyz 2 Men and All 4 One progress to sampled their songs countless times. Even todays big stars like Chris Brown copied a track from Michael in his song She Aint You. The incident of the matter is the Jackson 5, a product of Michaels talent, was bigger than most groups could ever hope to be and is universally recognized as one of the biggest groups of all time. In Michaels young adulthood, he make the conclusiveness to break away from his brothers, as his talent could not be special to his family. A decision fueled by his desire to further search his talent and be in charge of his own career.Michael influenced many other artists, including Beyonce and Justin Timberlake, to take the chance and break away from the group that they were engaged in. When most artists leave an extremely prosperous and established band to start their own solo career, the odds of success are dismal. Michael Jackson defied that statistic, far surpassing anything the Jackson Five had previously accomplished. Michaels major breakthrough as a solo artist came when he released his first album, Off The Wall, which was co-produced by the legendary Quincy Jones. The album was released in 1979, and its success was exceptional.The album produced four unite States hand hits on the charts, a first for any US album, and won Michael Jackson three Billboard Music Awards hint Black Artist, covering fire Black Album, and Best Male R&B Vocal Performance. bet that dance from his song I Want to Rock with You is known by anyone who has sat in front of a TV. These awards and self-advertisement practically made the name Michael Jackson a household name and helped his career flourish in the 1980s. Even with the great success of his first single, Michael was electrostatic not satisfied, Im never pleased with anything, Im a perfectionist, its part of who I am (Jackson.Oprah Winfrey). Again, Michael and Quincy collaborated and created three-hundred songs for his new album, Thriller. serious to decide, they cut it down to their nine favorite songs and the album was released in 1982. Thriller had an astonish septet hit singles and it was selling one million albums per week. There was no one in the United States who did not hear the song. The music characterization is so popular that there are events around the world to re-enact the dance. It spent 80 consecutive weeks in the top ten albums, and 37 weeks of those in the number one spot. Dont think for a moment that it was a one hit album though.His hit Bil craft jean features an even more memorable dance featuring a move at a concert that shook the world in which he effortlessly semivoweld across the dance floor. That dance is often imitated and that Moonwalk is a term that permeates pop culture. At the Grammy Awards, Thriller won Michael Jackson a record-breaking seven Grammy awards and, what he wanted the most, Album of the Year. Blending pop, R&B, soul, dance, and disco, Michael brought a new sound to the population. All Grammy hopefuls compare their success to Michael Jacksons sweeping of the awardsThe Thriller album not scarcely created history, it also become a milestone for racial equality in music. Music Television, MTV, was against playing African American R&B music video however, eventually, they agreed to air Michael Jacksons hit video, Billie Jean. MTV had been previously dominated by rock music videos and denied videos from black artists like Rick James, tho once they recognized the popularity of Michael Jacksons songs, they evolved more towards pop and RB, which helped future black artists like Prince. Before Michael Jacksons video aired, MTV was struggling to become a top television channel.When they aired Michaels videos, MTV became the hottest channel to watch. When the video for Thriller debuted, the demand to play it was so high that MTV had to play it twice an hour to meet demand for it. Thriller was say to be the best and most prominent music video ever created. MTV owes its over one hundred million viewers to Michael Jackson. In fact a video that insulted him was removed at his requests. His songs are still asked for to this day. Michael Jacksons videos were not popular just because of the catchy, upbeat rhythms, but, because they were different. He was all substance.He is the rendering of a true performer. As mentioned before, the video Billie Jean was first debuted on MTV, viewers watched something they pay never seen bef ore. Dressed in a seem black jacket and wearing one white glove, Michael jumped, spun, and slid all over the videos surrealistic city street set. Viewers could not take their look off of him. Michael Jackson made music videos an art form instead of having the singer stand there in front of a band lip synching the song. He incorporated special effects, storylines, dance routines, and cameo appearances into them.This started the epidemic of music videos. Every music dance video played today, has Michael Jackson to give thanks for that. Recording artist Ne-Yo remembers that when when Michael Jackson, dropped a video, it was an event. (Ne-Yo. MTV). He was one of the first to spend a million on a music video. A assume that is copied today buy the biggest stars. Michael Jackson is not only a resplendent singer/songwriter, but also a skilled dancer. In 1983, on the TV special, Motown 25 Yesterday, Today, Forever, Michael Jackson debuted his iconic dance move, the moonwalk.Unlike any thing that had ever been seen before, the moonwalk proved Michael Jacksons staying power and influence on popular culture. Everyone was nerve-wracking to master the dance moves they had seen Michael do in his videos and on stage. Who didnt want to glide across the stage in a perfect floating moonwalk? as well the moonwalk, his other famous dance was the choreographed routine in the video Thriller. Michael knew that he wanted the video to, take dance to another level(Michael Jackson. Barbra Walters).The dance has been use in many Hollywood movies including the 2004 Blockbuster hit, 13 Going on 30. If you ask throng to do the Thriller dance, nine out of ten will be able to demonstrate it. Michael Jacksons dance moves has inspired many current artists today including Justin Timberlake and Usher. A former teen sensation himself, Usher is belike the closest current performer to Michael Jackson in terms of singing style and album anticipation. Usher is the primary reason for the retu rn of the popularity of choreographed dancing with current R&B acts.Usher states that ,Michael Jackson influenced me in so many ways, more than just music as a humanitarian, as a philanthropist, as an artist, as an individual who transcended culture. I wouldnt be who I am today without Michael Jackson (Usher Raymond. MTV). With his outstanding talent as a dancer and a high-range vocals, Justin Timberlake has been honored in being compared to Michael Jackson ever since his former N*Sync days. 2006, at the Video Music Awards, the curtain rises as seven time Grammy winner, Justin Timberlake, stands, silhouetted with the stages lights.With his neck tilted down, hand on head, and spinning around, the group goes wild. Not because it is Justin Timberlake close to to perform, but because he has just immortalized the one and only Michael Jackson. Timberlake ex thrustes that, No one presented a song onstage like Michael. To create the things that he created with his music, its really untou chable (Justin Timberlake. MTV). Being one of the most influential artists, if not the most, is not continuously as exhilarating as it seems. With fame and muckle comes pain and despair.From skin bleaching to the dangling of his child off the balcony, there has always controversy surrounding his life. In 2002 Michael was in a hotel with his family and wanted to show off his new born thwart to the paparazzi. He dangled the child over a fourth floor balcony. Michael stated that, I love my children. I was holding my son tight. Why would I throw a baby off the balcony? Thats the dumbest, stupidest story I ever heard (Michael Jackson. Oprah Winfrey). A lot of rumors got around that Michael Jackson was bleaching his skin because he wanted to become Caucasian.Michael Jackson said that he had a skin pigmentation however, a lot of people did not believe this. There were many hurtful comments about him bleaching his skin and he was very offended by them, I have a skin disorder that destroy s the pigmentation of my skin, its something that I cannot help, OK? (Michael Jackson. Oprah Winfrey). With all these controversies, Michael was given a nickname, Yeah, Wacko Jacko, where did that come from? Some English rag. I have a heart and I have feelings. I feel that when you do that to me. Its not nice (Michael Jackson.Barbra Walters). With all of these controversies, Michael was still a charitable man with a big heart, Ive helped many, many, many children, thousands of children, cancer kids, leukemia kids (Michael Jackson). In 1984, Jackson bought all new equipment for a unit at Mount Senai New York medical exam Center, which is part of the T. J. Martell-Foundation for leukemia and cancer research. Later that year, he visited the Brotman Memorial Hospital, and donated all the bullion he received from a Pepsi commercial that he was in, $1. 5 million, to the Michael Jackson Burn Center for Children.Michael also created one of the largest charity events, the recording of W e are the World, to help raise money for kids in Africa in 1985. Artists like Diana Ross, Lionel Richie, Bruce Springstein, Cyndi Lauper, Tina Turner and many more, helped with this recording. This charity was so influential that in 2010, over one hundred of todays biggest artist including Justin Bieber, Fergie, Lil Wayne, Adam Levine and knock re-sang the song for Haiti, raising an immense amount of money. Even with the rumors going on, Michael was said to have donated over three-hundred million dollars to different charities throughout his life.With Michael Jackson being big on charities and helping kids in need, he created an amusement greenness in his backyard for kids who are disadvantaged or have medical conditions. Michael named the park Neverland, same as the fantasy island in the story Peter Pan, which is about boy that never grows older, Ill always be Peter Pan in my heart (Michael Jackson. Oprah Winfrey). The 3000 acre land is filled with rides, animals, a train and man y more attractions, We have elephants, and giraffes, and crocodiles, and every kind of tigers and lions.And and we have bus loads of kids, who dont get to see those things. They come up, sick children, and enjoy it (Michael Jackson. Ed Bradley). Neverland was intended to bring happiness to everyone however, it brought a horrific result to Michael. In 1993, Michael Jackson was incriminate of molesting a thirteen year old boy at his Neverland Ranch. Michael had met the boy in 1992 and they soon became friends. The child had become a regular knob and started staying the night at the residence, which was not uncommon.Michael gave the boy gifts and remunerative for several family spend trips around the world. The father of the boy, Evan Chandler, stated that, Michael Jackson was part of our family (Chandler. Vindicating Michael). According to the allegations, for four months, Michael had been hugging and fondling with the boy when they were alone. These allegations became the main topic on all intelligence agency stations. While Michael said he was innocent, many believed the news articles that stated he was a child molester, Its a complete lie, why do people buy these papers? Its not the truth Im here to say.You know, dont judge a person, do not pass judgment, unless you have talked to them one on one. I dont care what the story is, do not judge them because it is a lie (Michael Jackson). In 1994, Michael Jackson settled the civil lawsuit paying an covert amount to the boys family. Many believe that he paid between 15 and 20 million dollars. After receiving the money, the boy refused to testify in any criminal matters. Therefore, the prosecution was not able to watch a criminal case. Michael was accused again of child molestation in 2005, but was also found not guilty.These accusations did not fully rail at Michaels career, but they did impact it. The media began to impair the career of Michael Jackson with ridiculous tabloid stories and false allegation s, using wrong information to convince them. Society started to see him in a different light, giving him a poor reputation, The press has made up so much God awful, horrifying stories it has made me realize the more often you hear a lie, I mean, you stick to believe it (Michael Jackson. Oprah Winfrey). Sadly, his fans began to separate Michael from his music.The music was still prodigious however, Michael, was seen as a predator. Artist Lil Wayne is going through the same thing with fans, but he went to jail for drugs. Lil Waynes music is still heard on the radiocommunication however, the media on him is not respectable. After the allegations, the majority of people did not guess Michael as the influential pop star he once was, nor gave him designation for his notable charity work and contributions in society however, Michael tried to bust his career however is was never at the same magnitude as his Thriller album.From experiencing fame at such a young age, fighting lawsuits, p aparazzi scandals, continuous credit card surgery, extreme tabloid stories, and false allegations, Michael Jackson never fully recovered. These struggles lead Michael into a deep depression, which subsequently resulted in an accidental overdose that comprise him his life. People around the world were taken back by his abrupt decease in 2009. Through the comments all over the Internet, persistent updates on the television, the massive increase of albums sold on ITunes, and the misinterpretations of the way his death occurred, it was vident that the death of the King of Pop had a large impact on the nation. seldom does any album get a 25th anniversary celebration, but Thriller did. Without a doubt, Thriller was a milestone for an entire generation. With singles at the top of the charts, changing MTV, and credit for breaking the color barrier and making way for a new generation of black artists, Michael Jackson truly exceeded what anyone could have expected. His unprecedented succes s is still resounding in popular culture today.Televison shows such as X Factor, Glee, Americas Next Top Model and American Idol have all had Lets give thanks to Michael Jackson episodes. There is even a dance game called The Michael Jackson Experience that lets people learn his dance moves and perform with him. Michael Jacksons iconic dances, vocals, and blending of genres continue to inspire new artists and captivate audiences worldwide. There is no doubt in my mind that xx years from now, everyone will still know who the King of Pop was and how he has influenced almost every artist today. Works CitedGoh, Dion Hoe-Lian, and Chei Sian Lee. An Analysis Of Tweets In solvent To The Death Of Michael Jackson. Aslib Proceedings 63. 5 (2011) 432-444. Academic Search Premier. Web. 8 Dec. 2011. Fast, Susan. loss That Exceeded Understanding Remembering Michael Jackson (1958-2009). Popular Music Society 33. 2 (2010) 259-266. Academic Search Premier. Web. 8 Dec. 2011. Jackson, Michael. M oonwalk. New York Doubleday, 1988. Print. Krohn, Katherine. Michael Jackson. Minneapolis Lerner Publications Company, 2010. Print. Halperin, Ian. Unmasked The Final Years.New York Pocket Books, 2009. Print. Taraborrelli, Randy. Michael Jackson The Magic, The Madness, The Whole Story, 1958-2009. New York Hachette Digital, Inc, 2009. Print. Vindicating Michael. HIStory vs EVANstory The 1993 Allegations Part 1. 20 Apr. 2011. Web. 10 Nov. 2011. http//vindicatemj. wordpress. com/2011/04/20/history-vs-evanstory-the-1993-allegations-part-1/. hearing by Barbra Walters. 20/20. ABC. 12 Sept. 1997. Television. Interview by Oprah Winfrey. Oprah Winfrey Show. KFMB. 1993. Television. Interview by Ed Bradley. 60 Minutes. CBS. 1993.

Environmental Pollution Essay

Los Angeles, California have been experiencing a festering population at bottom our urban center. The growing population in this city has ca employ an increased pressure on the infrastructure and natural resources that atomic number 18 beginning to affect our environment. The expansion of the city has excuse deeper into the rural areas that are ca employ problems to the environment, such as a loss in our wetlands, water pollution, biological habitats, and air pollution. The cause of the growing population has led to a high density of factories, automobiles, and commercial enterprises in Los Angeles. The population growth is beginning to create galore(postnominal) environmental problems that are giving Los Angeles economic, and environmental consequences.Theresa Carter, an associate-level environmental scientist, has suggested four measurements of the city council for addressing the pollution management. She has suggested to advance alternative shipping, walking, and wheel aro und use, Promoting arouse- in force(p) cable cars, Improving roads, and Encouraging carpooling.The encouragement of alternative transportation is great on the demesne environment and the health of human beings. The rise of better roads clear also improve the transportation of peck, adulterate cars accidents, and depose allow population to compost what was used. Compost helps improve soil, so it holds much(prenominal) water and plants grow better. Carpooling is a very effective climate change, because it allows one car to be used to carry assorted people to work and other(a) places. For instance, eight people wanted to drive their car from Los Angeles to Apple valley. Los Angeles is an hour and a half drive a appearance.Instead of using eight different cars and spending money oneight different fossil fuels to fuel their cars, one person discharge use a van to carry all the co-worker to one location saving, hundreds of dollars and used of savable fossil fuels. When peop le use walking, bicycling, and carpooling at least twice a week it do-nothing cut the greenhouse gas emission at 1,600 pound per year. The promotion of fuel efficient vehicles allows the waste of fuel non to be used and helps protect the future cost of fossil fuels.When macrocosm trade a car for a bicycle, it do non and improve their and the ecosystem health, It allows humans to fight obesity and rely on other ways to get round. Some persons may argue that fuel efficient cars are a great expense, but it can also be a significant improvement to get their health in order. It can do this by removing pollution from the air and gathering into their lungs. Bicycling is exercise, and many people have become obese by sitting around and driving, while not doing nothing to benefit their health.Pedestrian crashes are more than twice as likely to occur in areas without sidewalks streets with sidewalks on both sides have the fewest crashes. Streets without safe places to walk, cross, catch a bus, or bicycle put people at risk. Over 5,000 pedestrians and bicyclists died on U.S. roads in 2008, and more than 120,000 were injured (Reynolds, C, p. 22, 2009). Improvements of new roads and fuel efficient cars can be a massive expense, but the is an excellent conservation of people lives, and deter of greenhouse gases being released.Better finding making on environmental issues, allow people to make a better decision to live life on domain for a longer existence. The way the humankind works is to create and recreate, not for human to produce and destroys temperament natural habitat. The following quote Decision-making about environmental issues necessitates the maintenance of a good balance between the effectiveness of measures and the public reaction towards them. In Theresa opinion mean that if human makes a valid decision on the thing that he or she find necessary, meaning something they can not live without Only then will they know how to keep the earth and its envir onment clean, and the general will began to follow. When the public sees the response of them destroying the environment personally, they can take the appropriate measure it take to have others combined with the bring to restoring andmaintain a clean environment.Los Angeles economic and environmental hazard can become improved by encouraging alternative transportation, walking, and bicycle use, promoting fuel-efficient cars, astir(p) roads and encouraging carpooling. Many hazards come from the emission of fossil fuels from the engines of cars, by implementing the use of people not using their cars or making fuel efficient vehicles, it helps improve the inconvenience use of vehicles. When the growth of population becomes larger, more people require unnecessary materialistic items, like cars, technology, and material that cut into the field and push down trees from growing. Animals start to get pushed out their habitats, and the earth begin to become small on their environmental str ucture. If Los Angeles complete or clean up their street, it may cost a profit, but it is a reduction in car accidents, better bicycling paths for bicyclist, and a tidy environment so humans can respect and take care. authorAnalysis shows promoting fuel efficient cars will keep fuel be from draining illinois economy. (2011). Entertainment Close Up, Retrieved September 14, 2014, from http//search.proquest.com/docview/864596179?accountid=458Botkin, D.B. and Keller,E.A. 2010. Environmental Science Earth as a Living Planet 7th Edition. Hoboken John Wiley & Sons.Reynolds, C., et al. (2009). The concussion of Transportation Infrastructure on Bicycling Injuries and Crashes A Review

Early Childhood Education Programs Essay

aboriginal puerility knowledge or pre nurture education is education for fryren in the other(a) stages of their childhood before they conjoin rail. Several researches that fool been conducted by neuroscientists, pediatricians and other stakeholders shows that the biggest portion of the brain architecture takes place in the archaean childhood years. Research studies def closure besides found off that intellectual and emotional development is critical during the graduation three years of life. Maria Montessori was one of umteen educationists who believe that the metrical foot of human development is laid during the childs previous(predicate) years.She decl bed that The most important period of life is not the age of university studies, simply the first one, the period from birth to the age of six, (Pandor, 2008 para. 3). Many other educationists bank that the quality of education is determined in the first years of a child in school. Early barbarianhood Education Pr ograms Preschool education or early childhood education is a quality education and it is proficient to children from solely economic and social groups. Development of quality early childhood programs should be emphasized as it abide be viewed as a social and economic strategy.Investing in these programs is therefore not all important to the child but also to the development of the state and the boorish at large. A research conducted by the field of study Institute for Early Education Research (NIEER) in five states of the fall in cites found out that quality public preschool programs produce broad takes in childrens erudition and development, (NIEER, 2005 para. 4). concord to the same study, state funded programs were found to bedevil significant gains no matter of the childs ethnic or economic and social background.The effect of the preschool programs were estimated by testing the literacy skills, vocabulary and academic skills of the kindergarteners. A total of 5,071 children in 1, 320 classrooms were tested in either English or Spanish depending on the childs strongest language. The impacts on mathematics, literacy and language were statistically significant compargond to the children without the program. diction scores were 31 pct high(prenominal) than gains of children without the program.On mathematical skills which include basic skills such as counting money, simple additions and subtractions, number concepts and sexual intercourse time, the gains increased to 44 percent. In print awareness the gains were 85 percent greater for children cyphered in state sponsored preschool programs compared to the growth of children who are not enrolled (NIEER, 2005). According to the NIEER study, participants at the age of 20 years were much likely to have faired high school if they enrolled for the preschool programs.They were less likely to have postulate remedial education and also less likely to have affiliated juvenile crimes which warrant a rrests. With the unnecessary costs of remedial classes and expenditure for nicety systems and in addition to the increased revenues, it was estimated that there was a return of $7 for every dollar that was invested. At 27 years of age, participants had gained a higher level of education and their earnings were higher than those who did not enroll for the early childhood school programs. The number of those who received the social services was significantly lowly and the numbers of arrests were fewer.These studies were carried out on children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. The befits gained can be intertwined in the sense that once this child gains a higher level of education most likely the earnings will be high, consequently economic prospects will be high, improvement on monetary decisions, improve health and housing (NIEER, 2008). An opportunity to live in a classroom community, interact and get along with people from various socioeconomic backgrounds can be considere d as a social benefit for children from low socioeconomic backgrounds.Learning how to get along with others will result to improved social skills and emotional competence. These programs set a stage and give a child preparedness to enroll for the ceremonial education. Apart from improving on their communication skills and getting higher scores in school tests, they have lesser behavioral issues once they enroll in the formal larn process. When a child goes through the pre kindergarten learning they succeed in school and become good citizens, earn more, commit less crimes and pay more taxes.Every dollar invested in quality early care and education saves taxpayers up to $13. 00 in future costs, (http//web. mit. edu/workplacecenter/docs/Full%20Report. pdf. n. d pp. 2). The success of the early child leaning relies heavily on the quality of the preschool programs. In an front to improve the schools and the learning process, most states in United States have completed public preschoo l programs to cater for less privileged and disadvantaged. Most of these programs are open on the principle that early intervention will help the child unleash his full potential.For example the mission for run Start is to attend that no child in America is trapped in meagrenesss grasp, (United Way of America, 2005 pp. 1). These programs have been criticized and their effectiveness has been questionable. From the findings of NIEER (2005) studies, vocabulary gains were three or four times greater than those in the Head Start study, (para. 9). In spite of this big difference in performance, such aspects such as the class size and the length of day remained the same.This difference was attributed to high educational qualifications and good remuneration for teachers in state funded pre-kindergarten programs compared to Head Start. Almost all state funded programs studied in the five states required teachers to be licensed, have a certification in early childhood education and be a h older of a BA degree. In the case of Head Start the requirements half of the teachers were required to have a two-year interrelates degree while the rest to have a Child Development Associate (requires only 120 hours of training to acquire CDA credential) or an equivalent (LIFESTYLENIEER, n.d). archimandrite, another preschool program in New Jersey was completed to serve the highest poverty districts within the state. Substantial resources have been invested in the school and NIEER annual report rated it as one those with highest quality standards nationwide. According to the Abbot preschool program longitudinal effects study by Frede et al (2007), the results presented provides clear evidence that by participating in a high-quality program no matter of auspice, children are improving in literacy and math at least until the end of the kindergarten year, (pp. 35).It therefore remains clear that high standard and accountability are key factors to the success of these programs. Rec ruitments of qualified and well educated teachers as has been spy in performing preschool programs are instrumental in guaranteeing good quality. These teachers moldiness be adequately compensated to boost their morale and hence increase productivity. The classes should be manageable. This can only be achieved by having a rational child to teacher ratio. Finally there should be strong supervision to ensure that standard and quality of learning is uncompromised.Conclusion All children are entitled to quality education. From the studies conducted a disadvantaged child is likely to gain more from preschool program. If these programs are expanded more disadvantaged children will enroll and they will develop positive peer effects when they enroll for the formal school learning. Failing to invest sufficiently in quality early care and education shortchanges taxpayers because the return on investment is greater than many other economic development options, (http//web. mit. edu/workplacec enter/docs/Full%20Report. pdf. n. d pp. 2).There should be universal large-scale and state wide programs to benefit the minority and the poor. rootage Early Childhood Education for All, a Wise Investment, retrieved on twentieth July 2008 from http//web. mit. edu/workplacecenter/docs/Full%20Report. pdf. Frede E, Jung K, Barnett W. S, Lamy, C. E & Figueras, A. (2007) The Abbott Preschool Program Longitudinal Effects Study (Apples). Retrieved on twentieth July 2008 from http//nieer. org/resources/research/APPLES. pdf LIFESTYLENIEER (n. d) Economic Benefits Of Quality Preschool Education for Americas 3- And 4-Year Olds.Retrieved on 20th July 2008 from http//nieer. org/resources/facts/index. php? FastFactID=6 Martina, A (2008) Column Early Connections ar Key For Infants To Thrive. Retrieved on 20th July 2008 From http//detnews. com/apps/pbcs. dll/article? AID=/20080715/OPINION03/807150398/100 National Institute for Early Education Research (NIEER) (2005)New Study Shows broad(prenomina l) Quality State Pre-K Programs Improve Language and Math Abilities of Children of All Backgrounds State Programs with Higher Teacher Qualifications Outperform Head Start , retrieved on 20th July 2008 from http//nieer.org/mediacenter/index. php? PressID=46 Pandor N (2008) A call to focus on riotous foundations for learning, Journal of Education, Vol. 8. Issue No. 11, pp 21-27, Retrieved on 20th July 2008 from http//www. anc. org. za/ancdocs/anctoday/2008/text/at11. txt United Way of America (2005) Early Childhood Education, retrieved on 20th July 2008 from http//www. liveunited. org/_cs

Sherman Alexie and Fredrick Douglass 50 Essays

Comp are and Contrast Education is more or lessthing so hallowed to some lot simply in that location are many people that discover it for granted as well. The Joy of Reading and Writing window glass and Me by Sherman Alexie and Learning to Read and Write by Fredrick Douglass, is similar in many ways. two of these custody were so eager to learn when in the meantime so many people that do begin the luck are so clueless. People are so clueless that there were others, and bland are, that wish they were in a position to easily learn. Both of these men were minorities and grew up many years ago where education was unusual.In their speckle it was besides forbidden in some ways. Although it was tough for both of them, they both felt compelled to dish out learning into their own hands. Alexie refused to be like others and Douglass did as well. Both of these men went through an astonishing experience to discover what they did. non only did they both learn that education is som ething enjoyable, but they learned that it was difficult. Alexie, at three years old, started to teach himself how to read using a window pane comic book. He was quite a prodigy. Native-Americans were stereotypically supposed to fail in the classroom.Although they are different in so many ways, they are also alike in a many ways, Douglass taught himself and Alexie did the same. Although they taught themselves in different ways, they still did. Thats what makes them alike. Slaves werent allowed to read or write and Indians were considered foreigners if they did. Alexie being a Native American and Douglass being a slave, they were both knocked out(p)siders. Growing up an Indian on a Reservation, non much was expected of Alexie in the experience department. We were Indian children who were expected to be stupid (p. 17). Alexie was different.He had a great mind and cherished to put it to use unlike the other Indians. He loved to learn. Alexie was considered an outsider from the N ative Americans because he loved to learn. Alexie says, I was quick. I was arrogant. I was lucky. (p. 17). unconstipated if it made Alexie an outsider or not getting along with his peers, he was still inspired. Even if it did mean he would fight with his classmates he did not give up his petulance for reading. In his joy, however, there was also pain. Alexie writes, I read with equal parts joy and desperation. I loved those books, but I also knew that love had only star purpose.It was trying to only my life (p. 18) . Sherman Alexie didnt just want to be considered a dumb Indian, like all the other Native Americans. He wanted to be smart and have a better life for himself. He wasnt going to permit the color of his skin or where he was born stop him from excelling in life. Fredrick Douglass was first introduced to reading in writing by his masters mistress. Douglass was an African-American slave. Although his master didnt let his mistress teach Douglass, he didnt give up. He wa s dedicated and took matters into his own hands this mistress gave up on him.He started learning to write and read. Douglass figured out how to read and write in the virtually unconventional ways. He traded bread for lessons from schooled poor white boys, and figured out how to write by looking at letters on timber in a ship-yard. Once he had attained those skills, Douglass was met with great desperation. He explains As I read and contemplated the subject (of slavery), behold that very discontentment which Master Hugh had predicted would follow my learning to read had already come, to torment and deposit my soul to unutterable anguish.As I writhed under it, I would at times feel that learning to read had been a curse preferably than a blessing. It had given me a view of my wretched condition, without the remedy. It opened my eye to the horrible pit, but to no ladder upon which to get out. In moments of agony, I envied my fellow-slaves for their stupidity I often found myself r egretting my own existence, and wishing myself all in(p) and but for the hope of being free, I have no dubiousness that I should have killed myself, or done something for which I should have been killed (p. 132).Through his learning, Douglass presently realized that he was not destined to have the lives of the men he read about in books as he would be a slave for life. He wondered if his education had been a curse rather than a gift, and envied the ignorance of his fellow slaves who did not have to feel the same pain that he did. Both of these men realize that the life they thought the had ahead of them wasnt the outcome. That wasnt what they wanted. These men both hoped for the same thing. Sherman Alexie and Frederick Douglasss essays both raise the question In certain situations, is ignorance really bliss?Or is it better to be improve and know the truth, rather than live a life in a vacuum devoid of information or any means of achieving access to the human race beyond your i mmediate community? This is a question one must learn themselves. Education can be both pleasurable and painful. For Alexie and Douglass both, education opened their eyes to the harsh reality of the world. And yet they contributed greatly to it through their own writings. Whether or not one wishes to keep this world closed, is up to each individual.Only you can decide whether or not to take risk of some pain in acquiring knowledge in order to have the opportunity to contribute to the world. While their circumstances, and even their methods of attaining knowledge were different, both of these men were shining examples of what can happen when you follow your passion to learn, and let nothing stand in your way. Both Sherman Alexie and Frederick Douglasss essays are inspiring and open-minded to read. Its a realization that many people take education for granted and arent often reminded the great lengths many people have gone through to learn the things.Some people say that ignorance is bliss. Trying to visualize the answer to ignorance really bliss is fascinating. However there are some people who would rather know the truth than to be left in the dark. Works Sited Sherman Alexies The Joy of Writing Superman and Me 50 Essays A portable Anthology. 3rd edition. Samuel Cohen. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2011 15-19. Print. Fredrick Douglasss Learning To Read and Write 50 Essays A Portable Anthology. 3rd edition. Samuel Cohen. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2011 129-135. Print.

Peer-Reviewed Literature Versus Popular Press Essay

The purpose of peer-reviewed belles-lettres is to exemplify original reports, research, or reviews, and evaluate the material that scholars study already published (Scholarly Vs Popular Press, 2005). Peer review refers to a act that screens the writings of scholars before they base be published. Review panels, comprising other scholars and researchers, atomic number 18 responsible for evaluating the already published material with respect to its significance in addition to methodology.Although the published research finds may or may not be true, peer-reviewed literature is generally considered authoritative evidence for a produce which is validated once the research has been analyzed in depth and its findings have been applied as well as reexamined in a cast of contexts or by the use of different theoretical models (Peer-reviewed literature). lee(prenominal) Shulman, the President of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, explains that the essentiality of s cholarly literature is that it can be cited, refuted, built upon, and shared (Peer-reviewed literature). Hence, peer-reviewed literature is considered more reliable than touristy press, the purpose of which may be simply to present articles that entertain, inform, or grocery goods and services. Popular press may contain literature on up-to-date events or myriad popular interests (Scholarly).Given that the articles published in the popular press are not peer-reviewed, they may or may not be reliable. They are definitely not considered scholarly, seeing that they cannot be refuted. According to a scientific study, popular press coverage of a health problem known as the chronic fatigue syndrome has enlarged and even distorted the divisions within the research community on the defeat of the chronic fatigue syndrome (MacLean & Wessely, 1994). It is clear, therefore, that popular press cannot be trusted to present valid information.

My first job experience

I appreciate the most. I feel the undivided who I respect most is A. R. Raman. He is an composer, vocalist lyricist, practice of medicine maker, agent and donor. For the duration of my life, music has dependably been a significant Impact. Music Is an exceptionally Imperative piece of our live, and the Individuals who make music are extremely uncomparable In this world. I appreciate A. R. Raman In light of the way that organism a musical artist Is an extraordinary vocation on the case that the compensation is great, hard specialist and he got many awards.Most importantly, Raman is the extraordinary music composers in India. He is the writer and also an source and artist. Raman gets compensated as a rate of the quality his songs gets sold. He gets about RSI. 2 to 4 score for one film. The way it meets expectations for a top music author is this he charges around 10 to 20 lake rupees for both tune If thither are six tunes, he gets paid RSI. 60 lake to 1 to 2 score. In Dalton to t his Raman lives up to expectations hard to accomplish his objectives. For Instance when he Is ix his father was dead from that point he starts playing console and orchestrates groups, for example, Roots.He dig the console, piano, synthesizer, harmonium and guitar. He got many awards in India as well as in different nations too like Oscar for best melody in Slum dog Millionaire. In spite of the fact that A. R. Raman acquire a normal compensation of around 2 to 4 score for every film, this is just following 10-15 years of being in the music business. beforehand they achieve this pay, most artists likely battle Just to make a proper living and pay the bills. But at that point therefore there are plentiful, there are numerous different reasons, different than compensation, his dedicated nature and getting recompenses for his diligent work.

Glory Movie Essay

ring is both an awe inspiring and nubble wrenching cinema about the s curiosity-off all black volunteer family to play off in the civil war. The movie starts off with Col. Robert Gould Shaw leading a company of soldiers in Antietam which suffers heavy losses. Soon he is promoted to Colonel and given contain to the 54th Massachusetts volunteer infantry the first all black regi handst. The first volunteer to sign up is an educated black man cognomend doubting Thomas Searles who is also Shaws friend.Many more men join the regiment including an break loose slave visitd Trip, a free black man named Jupiter Sharts, as hale as the gravedigger Rawlins. After realizing the regiment in never going to be more than anything but manual labor, Colonel Shaw confronts his superiors and demands to be transferred to somewhere where they will take hold of some fighting or else he will report him to the contend Department for suspicious business. Shaws request is granted and is transferred to South Carolina where they successfully fight off a group of confederates.This movie was a huge hit. Released in 1989, it won a total of 16 awards including 3 Oscars and god nominative for 12 more awards. The Director Edward is fountainhead-known for his heroic movies that include Glory (1989), and the breathtaking works of art that include Legends of the Fall (1994) as well as modern hits such as Love and other Drugs (2010) and defiance (20080. Zwick has also been known for his thoughtfulness as a director, and for his record of works with television series and other films as a producer. The movie itself was indentured for crackingness with huge Hollywood names such as Denzel chapiter who played Trip and Morgan Freeman who played John Rawlins also great supporting actors alike Matthew Broderick who played Colonel Shaw and Andre Braugher to play Thomas Searles. The movie work out was 18,000,000 and grossed a total of 26,830,000.In my own rating system 5 being the best and 1 being the lowest the movie got a 4. The movie deserved every award it got. There were amazing involution scenes as well as some very emotional scenes as well. Denzel Washington was an amazing actor, the scene where he was getting whipped for deserting (which we later muster up out was to find shoes) while the colonel was watching was one of the most heart wrenching scenes in the movie. As well as great playacting the story never skips a beat. Theres never a dull moment. The movie had a clear plot and you could easily render why something was happening. The movie gave a realistic view of how hard things were for African Americans were and their hunger to fight for what they believe is right.The historical accuracy of Glory is charming questionable. It does a good job addressing the hardships and discrimination the 54th did go through. However like all Hollywood chronicle movies it does have its rights and wrongs. Most of the volunteers in the movie were depicted as fugitive sla ves when in reality they were free men in Massachusetts. Of the major characters in the movies version of the regiment, exactly Robert Gould Shaw was a real person. The rest are make up characters. The name of Shaws executive officer (Cabot Forbes) is a combination of the first name from one of the real Shaws friends and the last name of another. Colonel Shaw was a conjoin man yet in the movie it wasnt shown.Though it may not have been a big point in history it was a big part of Colonel Shaws personal life. At the end of the movie it states that over half of the regiment was lost during the assault on Fort Wagner. However, official records state that the 54th sustained 272 casualties, which is closer to 40%. Of these casualties, only when 116 were fatalities, just under one fifth of the men to storm the fort, barely if you include the 156 that were captured it would bring your total to over half. Most aspects of the movie withal are true. When the black soldiers refused fee d ue to discrimination Colonel Shaw did refuse his pay as well.Against all expectations the 54th rose above that and proved them wrong. They proved their valorousness and honor throughout several battles during the war. There was a memorial made to Colonel Shaw and his 54th and thus solidifying their regiment as one of the most potent and memorable of all time.Bibliography* Glory. Dir. Edward Zwick. Perf. Matthew Broderick, Denzel Washington,Morgan Freeman. TriStar Pictures, 1989. * Glory. IMDb. IMDb.com. Web. 8 Jan. 2013. . * The 54th Massachusetts Regiment in Myth, Memory, and History. elegant War Memory RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2013 * Museum of African American History, Boston Black heritage Trail Site 1. Museum of African American History, Boston Black heritage Trail Site 1. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2013.

Mid Semester exam

Its not a noise that you usually hear coming from a hospital room. Ha ha ha He heel You open the admittance to see twelve patients all sick, several in wheelchairs tickling each other with long balloons and laughing as hard as its accomplishable to laugh. Joining in with the fun is Dry Tim Crick, and this is his weekly session of jest therapy at Leeds City Hospital. The aim of these 30-minute sessions is not only to help patients go away that they are sick, according to Dry Crick Laughter gives the lungs and the muscles a estimable workout, which Is Important In long-term patients.But more than this. I believe that jest green goddess actually speed up recuperation from sickness. Laughter therapys new-fashioned history begins in the asses, when writer Norman Cousins described in contour of an Illness how he used comedy films to successfully give himself well-nigh relief from a painful medical condition. This promoted academics to begin looking at the physiological effect s of laughter. The spread of therapeutic laughter clubs began In India In the asses with Dry Madman Astral, who began taking patients for sessions In a public park.So Is there any science behind the claims that laughter speeds reco precise? Certainly, it triggers a grade of reactions in the body. Some studies have shown that the ability to use and respond to brainpower may raise the level of infection- counterbalanceing antibodies, and boost the level of immune cells. A recent study with diabetics showed that laughter helped control blood sugar levels. And look at the University of Maryland showed that laughter helped blood flow by retentivity blood vessels relaxed.For Dry Crick, It is In laughters ability to relax s that Its mend power lies. After a good laugh. Our muscles relax. Our mind stops counseling on pain or negative thoughts, and endorphins start to flow in our brains. It puts the body in a situation where it can begin to repossess itself. When we are healthy we can achieve this state through physiological exercise, social contact, and on- things that are more difficult when you are n hospital. Laughter, in the same way as music, can bring relaxation into the wards. opus many are doubtful some the scientific basis of laughter therapy, It would be Impossible for even the most extreme septic to capture these helve patients In Leeds laugh until tears run down their faces without thinking, this is doing them good. Questions 1- realise the text and answer the following questions 1. In what two ways is laughter good for patients, according to Dry Tim Crick? Laughter therapy session held? 3. wherefore might laughter help diabetics? 2. Where were the 1st 4. How does laughter help fight infections, according to some studies? 2- Match the highlighted words In the text with the meanings below a.Designed to effect that you are trying to achieve c Makes something begin to detect 3- Fill in the blanks with the comparative or superlative forms of the adjectives a. Aspirin is (strong) anodyne weve got, Im afraid. B. Can I do anything to make you feel (well) ? C. Moving nigh is getting (hard) to do. D. Injection is (fast) way to administer pain relief. E. He is (weak) he was yesterday. F. For children, thinking about the injection is (frightening) the pain itself. 4- Complete the questions in the dialog Nurse When did the symptoms first appear? Patient About a year.Nurse wherefore (you/not come) to see me? Patient At the time I wasnt very worried. Nurse And (the symptoms/ get worse) 7 Patient Yes, they started to get worse about a month ago. Nurse I see, and (you/ take) any medication since hence? Patient I went to see a homeopath and he appointed these pills. Nurse I see. (You/ your mouth wide and say ah? Ah. Nurse Good, can open) and (what/ happen) when you took the pills? Patient This rash appeared. (You/ can see) it on my back? Nurse Yes, I see. SO, (there was) any improvement when you took the pills? Patient No

Early diagnosis of autism and impact on prognosis Essay

Autism and IQIntroduction early diagnosing of autism and encounter on prognosis a account review Fernell, Eriksson and Gillberg (2013) base the subscribe of the individuals affected by ASD on the magnocellular theory. The theorys main constructs complicate that the people suffering from the disorder will have stricken magnocellular transmittal networks and that the hinderance is the cause of their lines in the processing of schooling on faecal matter and motion. The theory also explains the problem as one, where results from the abnormal nature of magnocellular neural networks and a variety of sensory systems, unlike in the case of otherwise similar conditions like dyslexia.The main constructs of the theory used by the authors of the expression are base on the malfunctioning nature of the networks that guarantee that the running(a) of the human wit is legal and optimal.The main constructs explored under the theory collective into the try are related in a variety of ways.They entangle the neuro growing deficiencies comprise in the brains of these individuals are the main cause for the impairment of the individuals genial instinct.The condition draws on the behaviors that are manifest from the nature of these individuals, to reason that the impairment of brain networks lead to favorablely instinctual deficiencies, for example,slowness in flicker-pedestal evaluations. In echt breeding situations, the individual is not able to indicate the appearance of the antithetical squares.Fernell, Eriksson and Gillberg (2013) contended with the acquaint of the theory that the depressions seen arise from physiological underdevelopment of the brain.They also offered the definition that afflicted development or underdevelopment is caused by a variety of medical deficiencies. establish on the research done in a five-year menstruation, they highlighted that in that location is a wide variety of causes, including the developmental deficiencies, primordial detection and trials to sort out the air and the effects of discussion. The effects explored let in the impairments seen in the social functionality of the barbarian and the outcomes of the treatment plan. For example, one of the effects explained was that in that respect is short evidence of rough-and-ready results arising from archeozoic interventions (Fernell, Eriksson & Gillberg, 2013). The obligate explored a variety of variables that are either discuss or mediating, depending on their nature and levels, including being epileptic and the fragility of the x syndrome. In the operative out of the unlike constructs, the researchers control guide for the exterior factors and variables, and reached the conclusion that there is little intensity in the early intervention models developed. From the field of battle of the meta-analyses of the studies make by Pub Med in last five years.The researchers found several(prenominal) information showing that the adopti on of early intensive treatment led to the fortunate correction of the problems found in children suffering from ASD. The interpretation of the ensureings was that more pack was needed to explore the link between the impaired development of the networks and the frenzy of behavioural corrections. Based on the obliges neighborhood of submit as well as its findings, some information gaps were exposed, including those on whether the mediating variables of epilepsy among others could use the key to the positive outcomes. The effects of the mediating factors should be explored further, so as to find out whether it will be obligatory to develop a pertly theory incorporating them (Fernell, Eriksson & Gillberg, 2013).The main constructs explored under the theory incorporated into the claim are related in a variety of ways.Theyinclude the neurodevelopment deficiencies found in the brains of these individuals are the main cause for the impairment of the individuals social instinct. The article draws on the behaviors that are manifest from the nature of these individuals, to conclude that the impairment of brain networks lead to soci eachy instinctual deficiencies, for example,slowness in flicker-pedestal evaluations. In real life situations, the individual is not able to indicate the appearance of the different squares.Fernell, Eriksson and Gillberg (2013) contended with the premise of the theory that the effects seen arise from physiological underdevelopment of the brain.They also offered the explanation that impaired development or underdevelopment is caused by a variety of medical deficiencies. Based on the research done in a five-year period, they highlighted that there is a wide variety of causes, including the developmental deficiencies, early detection and trials to correct the issue and the effects of treatment. The effects explored include the impairments seen in the social functionality of the child and the outcomes of the treatment plan. For example , one of the effects explained was that there is little evidence of effective results arising from early interventions (Fernell, Eriksson & Gillberg, 2013). The article explored a variety of variables that are either moderating or mediating, depending on their nature and levels, including being epileptic and the fragility of the x syndrome.In the working out of the various constructs, the researchers controlled for the distant factors and variables, and reached the conclusion that there is little effectiveness in the early intervention models developed. From the battleground of the meta-analyses of the studies published by Pub Med in last five years. The researchers found some information showing that the adoption of early intensive treatment led to the successful correction of the problems found in children suffering from ASD.The interpretation of the findings was that more study was needed to explore the link between the impaired development of the networks and the intensity of behavioural corrections. Based on the articles field of force of study as well as its findings, some information gaps were exposed, including those on whether the mediating variables of epilepsy among others could hold the key to the positive outcomes. The effects of the mediating factors should be explored further, so as to find out whether it will be necessary to develop a new theory incorporating them (Fernell, Eriksson & Gillberg, 2013). Randomized, controlled trial of an intervention for toddlers with autism the Early Start Denver forge Dawson and colleagues (2010) did a randomized study exploring the effectiveness of the ESDM model of treatment. The ESDM is a developmental model of treatment based on behavioral interventions and is intended to change magnitude the severity of the effects of the toddlers suffering from ASD. The mediating and moderating areas explored through the study included the age of the children, which ranged from 18 to 30 months. The independent variab les of the study included the oral dialogue of ESDM model of treatment, and the dependent variable beingchecked towards theory development was the reduction in the severity of the ASD condition. The theory under exploration was the empathizing-systemizing theoretical model. The main sight of the theory is that the children suffering from ASD get fewer scores in adaptational behaviors like empathy as compared to their peers (Dawson et al., 2010). The theory is based on the outlook that the effects of autism limit a childs ability to adapt to social situations and their environment. The main constructs of the theory include the systematized nature of social functionality, sensory treatment, and the working of motor-based systems. The kindred of the constructs is that the impairment in the development of the brain leads to the reduced effectiveness of the autistic child. The cause of the phenomena includes the impairment in the development of the brain. The effects include the lo w levels of emotional ability (empathy), sensory manipulation including tapping and motor manipulation like rocking.The mediating variables included the ages of the children and were not demonstrated to have any effect on the effectiveness of the treatment (Dawson et al., 2010). In the operationalization of the constructs, the study used a study group and a control group. The study split the sampled children of ages ranging from 18 to 30 monthsinto two groups (control and study).In addition, it delivered the ESDM treatment over a two-year period and demonstrated that the method yielded results.The study adopted a statistically relative study of the childrens standardized scores. The study showed that the treatment was effective, and the study contri merelyed to the forwarding of the theory that the developmental effects gouge be reduced. The results of the study could strain the scope of the theory among others as many have maintained the purview that treatment does not yield r esults(Dawson et al., 2010).Systematic Review of Early intensifier Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders Warren and colleagues (2011)based their study on the theory of applied behavioral evaluation. The main constructs of the theory include that the principle that child learning can be utilized to improve the affected behavioral areas, through behavioral learning. The implications of the principle are that, despite that it may be impossible to bat the problems completely it is possible to reduce the severity and develop behaviors that reduce their adversity. The kinship between the constructs is based on the outlook that behaviors are learned and that the impaired behavioral areas can be improved through specificallytargeted learning.The learning that is effective for different individuals is often different, depending on the severity of the ASD in the different areas of underdevelopment. The causes in a relationship include the impairments of the childrens brains, and the e ffects of behavioral tuition. The mediating factors explored in the study include the outlook of the behavioral training and its effectiveness. The aspects taken into tale as determinants of the effectiveness of the process include the team that administers the behavioral training. In the operationalization of the constructs, the study explored the study explored the modeling based on the early make Denver system.The study entailed the review of the literary productions that explored the field during the years spanning from 2000 and 2010. The study was chiefly a writings review of the studies done, in the past, in the area. The study did not apply any statistical analyzes, due to its nature. The findings of the study included that the Lovaas-based model of treatment, among a few other early intensive training for behavioral development, improved skills like language, cognitive abilities, and social behaviors. The interpretation of the results was that early interventionism is useful in countering or lessening the severity of the impacts of ASD.Autism spectrum disorders an overview of diagnosis andtreatment Brentani and colleagues (2013) based their exploration of the problem of ASD and the corrective measures employed to address it, on the developmental milestones of children aged between 0 and 3.The article started by exploring the wide get down of developmental impairments that resemble ASD, including a Hellers syndrome.It emphasized that they all result from the faulty or compromised working of the childs brain systems(Brentani et al., 2013). The effects of ASD explored include the abnormality of social use, creative play, and language skills. The study constructions explored by the authors in the review included the diagnostic models used, main areas of evaluation, the scales and tools for evaluating the problem and the information generated through epidemiological treatment models. In exploring the wide stray of constructs, the authors reviewed the studies exploring ASD and the different variables. The relationship between the constructs includes that some contribute to the development of ASDThe relationship between the constructs includes that some contribute to the development of ASD andothers are the outcomes(Brentani et al., 2013). The causes cover by the study include drugs administered for symptom control and the scales used to evaluate the problem and their effects on the management of the problem. There are no mediating or moderating constructs, but the dependent constructs include the change of the symptoms of ASD. The study was mainly a review of the literature therefore, it did not employ any research methods. exploitation the outcomes of the study, there was no information reported on the recovery of the subjects covered by the study afterwards they were subjected to the corrective and management-based treatments. Further, the study gave the impression that it is necessary to develop multi-professional teams in the exploration of the problem of ASD. In addition to its engagement with management or treatment models (Brentani et al., 2013).Autistic spectrum disorders Diagnostic and Therapeutic challenges in Mexico Marquez-Caraveo and Albores-Gallo (2011)explored the nature of ASD, which are developmental impairments that affect three areas, including the skills of communication, interactive skills in social settings and motor movements. The study explored in the article is based on the developmental theory of mind blindness. The theoretic model that emphasizes the blindness of the mind, is based on the concept that the autism of a child is initially noticed by parents. Among the other people within the social circle of the child as early as when they are as young as 12 months of age.The theory highlights that the areas of cognitive and interactive development that are impaired include the childs ability to observe the behavior of other and indeed adjust in response. One example of real -life give that demonstrates this area of impuissance is that you will find the autistic child looking outside the window, but they will notice little on the view outside the window. In exploring the theory, the researchers highlighted that less than 38% of families seek medical advice, even after noticing the developmental deficiencies that give evidence of ASD. The researchers also highlighted the necessity of training health and educational service providers, on the developmental course of social communication and interactions as well as language acquisition. By developing the experience and the fellowship needed to discover the problems of the children, they will report the condition in the beginning it escalates to levels that are more adverse.The theory highlights that the areas of cognitive and interactive development that are impaired include the childs ability to observe the behavior of another and then adjust in response. One example of real-life experience that demonst rates this area of weakness is that you will find the autistic child looking outside the window, but they will notice little on the view outside the window. In exploring the theory, the researchers highlighted that less than 38% of families seek medical advice, even after noticing the developmental deficiencies that give evidence of ASD. The researchers also highlighted the necessity of training health and educational service providers, on the developmental course of social communication and interactions as well as language acquisition. By developing the experience and the knowledge needed to discover the problems of the children, they will report the condition before it escalates to levels that are more adverse. The major constructs explored in the study included the uncovering of the symptoms of autism, the instruments for assessing the problem, and the psychosocial treatments that can be used to address the problem. The relationship between the various constructs is one that dem onstrates a continuum model.This is where the observation of symptoms should lead to the use of dedicated tools to study the problem and initiating psychosocial treatment to reduce the severity of the problem.The cause variable is the symptoms of ASD. The mediating and in some case moderating variable is the evaluation of the problem development dedicated tools. The dependent variable is initiating psychosocial treatment, which leads to the reduction of the problem. The constructs were mainly explored as a continuum of events, and not operationalized as cause-effect based phenomena. The study was mainly a literature review exploring the literature developed about ASD, its treatment and the course of discovery. The article led to questions on the importance of training/ teaching parents on ASD, so that they can detect ASD early and initiate psychosocial development for better outcomes.The mediating and in some case moderating variable is the evaluation of the problem victimization d edicated tools. The dependent variable is initiating psychosocial treatment, which leads to the reduction of the problem. The constructs were mainly explored as a continuum of events, and not operationalized as cause-effect based phenomena. The study was mainly a literature review exploring the literature developed about ASD, its treatment and the course of discovery. The article led to questions on the importance of training/ teaching parents on ASD, so that they can detect ASD early and initiate psychosocial development for better outcomes.The mediating and in some case moderating variable is the evaluation of the problem using dedicated tools. The dependent variable is initiating psychosocial treatment, which leads to the reduction of the problem. The constructs were mainly explored as a continuum of events, and not operationalized as cause-effect based phenomena. The study was mainly a literature review exploring the literature developed about ASD, its treatment and the course o f discovery. The article led to questions on the importance of training/ teaching parents on ASD, so that they can detect ASD early and initiate psychosocial development for better outcomes.ReferencesBrentani, H., de Paula, C., Bordini, D., Rolim, D.,Sato, F.,Portolese, J., Pacifico, M.,&McCracken, J. (2013). Autism spectrum disorders an overview of diagnosis and treatment.Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr. 35 (Supl. 1), S62-72.Dawson, G., Rogers, S., Munson, J., Smith, M., Winter, J., Greenson, J., Donaldson, A., &Varley, J. (2010). Randomized, controlled trial of an intervention for toddlers with autism the Early Start Denver Model.Pediatrics, one hundred twenty-five (1), e17-23.Fernell, E., Eriksson, M., & Gillberg, C. (2013). Early diagnosis of autism and impact on prognosis a narrative review. Clin Epidemiol, 5, 33-43.Marquez-Caraveo, M., & Albores-Gallo, L. (2011). Autistic spectrum disorders Diagnostic and Therapeutic challenges in Mexico. Salud Mental, 34, 435-441.Warren, Z., McPheeters , M., Sathe, N., Foss-Feig, J., Glasser, A., &Veenstra-VanderWeele, J.A. (2011). Systematic Review of Early Intensive Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders. Pediatrics,127(5), e1303-e1311.Source document