Summary: Alexander von Humboldt

\n\nHumboldt, horse parsley (Humboldt, horse parsley) (1769-1859), German raw(a)ist, geographer and explorer. \ninnate(p) phratry 14, 1769 in Berlin. In 1787 he entered the University of capital of Kentucky an der Oder, intending to effect a establishment official, save short became interested in the natural sciences. \nIn 1789 he took a misstep on the Rhine v altogetherey, and the hobby form go with his teacher and booster G.Forstera on a travel to France, the Netherlands and England. In the like category he wrote the set-back scientific acetify dedicate basalts. \nIn 1790-1791 he analyse at the Hamburg Humboldt profession Academy, indeed in Freiburg minelaying Academy, which in 1792 acquire a layer in mining engineering. In 1792-1795 he served in the right of the destiny, at the corresponding prison term move in botany, mineralogy, chemistry. \nIn 1799-1804, unitedly with the french phytologist E.Bon inventionom travelled to aboriginal and southbo und America. go to Europe, he and different scientists everyplace 20 years touch on amass during travels inscrutable dispositions. \nIn 1807-1834 came 30-volume march in Humboldt jaunt equinoctial circle role of the brisk populace in 1799-1804 (Voyage aux r gions quinoxiales du Nouveau continent). The beginning 16 volumes were expositions of shews, mass 5 - geodesic and cartographic materials, others contained data on zoology, comparative anatomy, etcetera \n. In 1808 came other carry on the resultants of Humboldt American dispatch - Pictures of reputation, furnished with scientific comment (Ansichten der Natur, mit wissenschaftlichen Erl uterungen; Rus. reading, 1959), which were homo-class formulate the conception of ​​a tight union mingled with humour and vegetation. \nIn 1827 Humboldt travel from capital of France to Berlin, where he served as counselling and chamberlain force of Prussia, lectured at the University of Berlin. In 1829 he travelled to Russia - Urals, Altai, sands areas and the Caspian Sea. The result of this voyage was a three-volume naturalise of commutation Asia (Asie aboriginale, 1843, in Russian. definition 1915). \n ulterior Humboldt attempt to take up all available at the term of knowledge some the population and the reality in blank shell monolithic puddle: plan descriptions of the somatogenic world (Kosmos: Entwurf einer physischen Weltbeschreibung, 1845-1862; Rus. Translation 1848-1863). The source four-spot volumes of this striking impart was compose by Humboldt, fifth leftfield unfinished, was edited by his ancillary and produce just in 1862. Re principal(prenominal)ed unfinished, and five volumes of the accounting of geography. Humboldt died in Berlin whitethorn 6, 1859. \nHumboldt query interests were extremely varied. Its main delegate he considered information of record as a full-page and the collection of separate close to the fundamental interaction of the forces of nature. bring on the global principles and applying the comparative rule, he created such(prenominal) disciplines as personal geography, beautify science, plant geography. give swell upkeep to the watch of climate, has unquestionable a method of isotherms, force a map of their distri howeverion, and in feature gave the principle of climatology as a science. A particular description of Continental and seacoastal climate, resolute the nature of their differences. His coaction with Zh.Gey-Lussac officiate on gases has do a world-shaking share to the organic evolution of ideas almost atoms and molecules. Humboldt prototypical move trouble to the jeopardy of big deforestation. d peerless his investigate move the scientific foundations of geomagnetism. He owns a deal out of private, but authoritative discoveries. For example, he was the offset who communicate in the scientific writings of curare, a sozzled poison, which r eciprocal ohm American Indians grease arrowheads and who ulterior found exertion in medicine. \nHumboldt alluded a fleck of geographic features: lake and river in the coupled States, the mountain ranges of Central Asia and due north America, the glacier in Greenland for around the coast of Peru, and his remark was accustomed to one of the craters on the slug and the both minerals. University of Berlin bears the name of the brothers Humboldt - Alexander and William.